Bioconversion of biowaste by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) for dried larvae production: A life cycle assessment and environmental impact analysis

Background: Hermetia illucens L. have gained popularity in recent years as an environmentally friendly response to both the present and potential future food/feed crisis. The larvae of H. L., or black soldier fly (BSFL), is alternative solution tackle issue organic waste bioconversion. However, understanding environmental loads associated with biowaste bioconversion using BSFL produce dried a pivotal point keep environment sustainable. This study reported life cycle assessment (LCA) process determined impact analysis make recommendations for modifications lessen consequences. Methods: methodology used (LCA), which includes: (a) system boundary determination (gate-to-gate), starting from production, bioconversion, prepupae frass production. production designed processing one BSFL; (b) inventory activities carried out at PT Biomagg Sinergi Internasional, Depok, West Java, Indonesia; (c) conducting on five categories namely global warming (GWP), acidification (AC), terrestrial eutrophication (TE), fossil fuel depletion (FFE), eco-toxicity (ET); (d) interpretation result. LCA conducted openLCA 1.11 software TRACI 2.1 method. Results: values GWP, AC, TE, FFE, ET, per 100 kg was 6.687 CO2 eq; 0.029 SO2-eq; 0.092 N-eq; 16.732 MJ surplus; 121.231 CTUe. Production prepupa had highest hotspots these emissions, followed production. Conclusions: Efforts reduce impacts that can be done are by implementing integrated rearing substrate single type known drying methods production.